THC Science

EFNA4
Identifiers
Aliases	EFNA4, EFL4, EPLG4, LERK4, ephrin A4, LERK-4
External IDs	OMIM: 601380 MGI: 106643 HomoloGene: 3830 GeneCards: EFNA4
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (human)
End	155,069,553 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 3 (mouse)
End	89,245,335 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	Top expressed in
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function
Cellular component
Biological process
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	1945
	13639
	ENSG00000243364
	ENSMUSG00000028040
	P52798
	O08542
	NM_182690; NM_005227; NM_182689
	NM_007910
	NP_005218; NP_872631; NP_872632
	NP_031936
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Ephrin A4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EFNA4 gene.^[5]^[6]

This gene encodes a member of the ephrin (EPH) family. The ephrins and EPH-related receptors comprise the largest subfamily of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases and have been implicated in mediating developmental events, especially in the nervous system and in erythropoiesis. Based on their structures and sequence relationships, ephrins are divided into the ephrin-A (EFNA) class, which are anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage, and the ephrin-B (EFNB) class, which are transmembrane proteins. This gene encodes an EFNA class ephrin. Three transcript variants that encode distinct proteins have been identified.^[6]

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000243364 - Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028040 - Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Cerretti DP, Lyman SD, Kozlosky CJ, Copeland NG, Gilbert DJ, Jenkins NA, Valentine V, Kirstein MN, Shapiro DN, Morris SW (Jan 1997). "The genes encoding the eph-related receptor tyrosine kinase ligands LERK-1 (EPLG1, Epl1), LERK-3 (EPLG3, Epl3), and LERK-4 (EPLG4, Epl4) are clustered on human chromosome 1 and mouse chromosome 3". Genomics. 33 (2): 277–82. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0192. PMID 8660976.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: EFNA4 ephrin-A4".

Further reading[edit]

Flanagan JG, Vanderhaeghen P (1998). "The ephrins and Eph receptors in neural development". Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 21: 309–45. doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.21.1.309. PMID 9530499.
Zhou R (1998). "The Eph family receptors and ligands". Pharmacol. Ther. 77 (3): 151–81. doi:10.1016/S0163-7258(97)00112-5. PMID 9576626.
Holder N, Klein R (1999). "Eph receptors and ephrins: effectors of morphogenesis". Development. 126 (10): 2033–44. doi:10.1242/dev.126.10.2033. PMID 10207129.
Wilkinson DG (2000). "Eph receptors and ephrins: regulators of guidance and assembly". International Review of Cytology. Vol. 196. pp. 177–244. doi:10.1016/S0074-7696(00)96005-4. ISBN 978-0-12-364600-2. PMID 10730216.
Xu Q, Mellitzer G, Wilkinson DG (2001). "Roles of Eph receptors and ephrins in segmental patterning". Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 355 (1399): 993–1002. doi:10.1098/rstb.2000.0635. PMC 1692797. PMID 11128993.
Wilkinson DG (2001). "Multiple roles of EPH receptors and ephrins in neural development". Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2 (3): 155–64. doi:10.1038/35058515. PMID 11256076. S2CID 205014301.
Kozlosky CJ, Maraskovsky E, McGrew JT, et al. (1995). "Ligands for the receptor tyrosine kinases hek and elk: isolation of cDNAs encoding a family of proteins". Oncogene. 10 (2): 299–306. PMID 7838529.
Gale NW, Holland SJ, Valenzuela DM, et al. (1996). "Eph receptors and ligands comprise two major specificity subclasses and are reciprocally compartmentalized during embryogenesis". Neuron. 17 (1): 9–19. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80276-7. PMID 8755474. S2CID 1075856.
Ephnomenclaturecommittee (1997). "Unified nomenclature for Eph family receptors and their ligands, the ephrins. Eph Nomenclature Committee". Cell. 90 (3): 403–4. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80500-0. PMID 9267020. S2CID 26773768.
Janis LS, Cassidy RM, Kromer LF (1999). "Ephrin-A binding and EphA receptor expression delineate the matrix compartment of the striatum". J. Neurosci. 19 (12): 4962–71. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-12-04962.1999. PMC 6782661. PMID 10366629.
Choi S, Jeong J, Kim T, Park S (2000). "Characterization of ephrin-A1 and ephrin-A4 as ligands for the EphA8 receptor protein tyrosine kinase". Mol. Cells. 9 (4): 440–5. doi:10.1016/S1016-8478(23)13566-7. PMID 10515610.
Aasheim HC, Munthe E, Funderud S, et al. (2000). "A splice variant of human ephrin-A4 encodes a soluble molecule that is secreted by activated human B lymphocytes". Blood. 95 (1): 221–30. doi:10.1182/blood.V95.1.221. PMID 10607706.
Munthe E, Aasheim HC (2002). "Characterization of the human ephrin-A4 promoter". Biochem. J. 366 (Pt 2): 447–58. doi:10.1042/BJ20011693. PMC 1222801. PMID 12030849.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000243364 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028040 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid8660976-5] Cerretti DP, Lyman SD, Kozlosky CJ, Copeland NG, Gilbert DJ, Jenkins NA, Valentine V, Kirstein MN, Shapiro DN, Morris SW (Jan 1997). "The genes encoding the eph-related receptor tyrosine kinase ligands LERK-1 (EPLG1, Epl1), LERK-3 (EPLG3, Epl3), and LERK-4 (EPLG4, Epl4) are clustered on human chromosome 1 and mouse chromosome 3". Genomics. 33 (2): 277–82. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0192. PMID 8660976.

[entrez-6] "Entrez Gene: EFNA4 ephrin-A4".

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Intercellular signaling peptides and proteins / ligands
Growth factors	Epidermal growth factor Fibroblast growth factor Nerve growth factor Platelet-derived growth factor Transforming growth factor beta superfamily Vascular endothelial growth factor
Ephrin	EFNA1 EFNA2 EFNA3 EFNA4 EFNA5 EFNB1 EFNB2 EFNB3
Other	Adipokine Agouti signaling protein Agouti-related protein Angiogenic protein CCN intercellular signaling protein Cysteine-rich protein 61 Connective tissue growth factor Nephroblastoma overexpressed protein Cytokine Endothelin EDN1 EDN2 EDN3 Hedgehog protein Interferon Kinin Parathyroid hormone-related protein Semaphorin Somatomedin Tolloid-like metalloproteinase Tumor necrosis factor Wnt protein
see also extracellular ligand disorders

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