| Vitis heyneana | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Vitales |
| Family: | Vitaceae |
| Genus: | Vitis |
| Species: | V. heyneana
|
| Binomial name | |
| Vitis heyneana | |
| Subspecies | |
|
V. h. subsp. heyneana (autonym)[2] | |
Vitis heyneana is a species of climbing vine in the grape family endemic to Asia. It can be found in shrubby or forested areas, from almost sea-level, to 3200 meters above. It has globose berries (10–13 mm diam.) that are purple to almost black.
Subspecies[edit]
Vitis heyneana is known by its two subspecies: V. h. subsp. heyneana (autonym), and V. h. subsp. ficifolia. In Chinese, the former is called mao pu tao, meaning wool grape; it has leaves that range in shape from oval, ovate-oblong, to ovate-quinquangular. The latter subspecies is called sang ye pu tao, or mulberry-leaf grape, and its leaves are usually trilobate to cleft (a few leaves interspersed on a vine will be undivided).[1][2][3] However, V. h. subsp. ficifolia may be a homotypic synonym of Vitis ficifolia Bunge, as the same type was used for both.[4]
Other notable differences exist as well:
Respective ranges and altitude tolerance[edit]
V. heyneana subsp. ficifolia shares territory with V. h. subsp. heyneana in the Chinese provinces of Henan, Shaanxi, Shandong, and Shanxi; and it alone occupies Hebei and Jiangsu; but of the two subspecies, V. h. subsp. heyneana has by far the wider range; in addition to those already mentioned, V. h. subsp. heyneana is found in the provinces of Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan, and Zhejiang), as well as the countries India, Bhutan, and Nepal.[1][2][3]
The success of V. h. subsp. heyneana in multiplying itself in so many places, in contrast to the relatively limited range V. h. subsp. ficifolia correlates similarly with how well it manages to survive at higher altitudes[2][3]
- V. h. subsp. heyneana : 100–3200 meters above sea-level
- V. h. subsp. ficifolia : 100–1300 meters above sea-level
Respective times of bloom and fruition[edit]
Comparing the two, V. h. subsp. heyneana has periods of bloom and fruiting longer than those of V. h. subsp. ficifolia —
[2][3]
Flowering months :
- V. h. subsp. heyneana : April – June or July
- V. h. subsp. ficifolia : May – July
Fruiting months :
- V. h. subsp. heyneana : June – October
- V. h. subsp. ficifolia : July – September
References[edit]
- ^ a b c This species was first published under the name Vitis heyneana in Syst. Veg. 5: 318. 1819. "Vitis heyneana". Flora of China. eFloras. Retrieved November 21, 2012.
- ^ a b c d e Being the type from which any additional subspecies are based, the description of V. h. subsp. heyneana is the same as that of V. heyneana "Vitis heyneana subsp. heyneana". Flora of China. eFloras. Retrieved November 21, 2012.
- ^ a b c d e V. h. subsp. ficifolia was published in Chin. J. Appl. Environ. Biol. 2: 250. 1996. "Vitis heyneana subsp. ficifolia". Flora of China. eFloras. Retrieved November 21, 2012.
- ^ In: Enum. pl. China bor. 12. 1833 (Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Petersbourg Divers Savans 2:86. 1835) "Vitis ficifolia". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved November 23, 2012.
External links[edit]
- Detailed b/w illustration from Flora of China
