| Passiflora mixta | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malpighiales |
| Family: | Passifloraceae |
| Genus: | Passiflora |
| Species: | P. mixta
|
| Binomial name | |
| Passiflora mixta | |
Passiflora mixta, from the family Passifloraceae is also known as curuba, curuba de indio, curuba de monte, curubita, curuba (Colombia), parcha (Venezuela), and taxo (Ecuador). Originally, it derived from the monophyletic Passiflora subgenus Tacsonia. Passiflora mixta is endemic to the Americas. A perennial vine, the Passiflora mixta is pink to orange-red in color.[1]
Description[edit]
Passiflora mixta can be identified by large pink flowers, trilobate coricaeous leaves, that are tubular in shape that protrude from its branches. It has a hairy elongated bract and hypanthum that contain a narrow nectar chamber. At 7–15 cm long (2.8–5.9 in), Passiflora mixta has a hypanthium (otherwise known as the flower tube) with a base that contains nectar. Also found in P. mixta, are ovaries, anthers and stigmas. These reproductive organs are located anterior to the hypanthium near the androgynophore. This species is capable of producing fruits and flowers that remain open for 3 to 5 days by producing half-pendant, horizontal, or erect flowers.
Status: Wild plant, collected, important genetic resource for banana passionfruit breeding. [2]
Morphology[edit]
- Stem- Sub 5-angular
- Leaf Pubescence- Not present on the upper surface; however, missing to seldom dense on the lower surface
- Stipules- Moderate to big in size, 6–20 mm in length, 12–30 mm wide (0.47–1.18 in), reniform, dentate or serrate, persistent
- Peduncle- robust, length varies. Produces half-pendent, horizontal, or erect flowers.
- Bracts- Joined 1/2 their length or beyond
- Corolla Color- Pale pink to intense red
- Corolla Shape- Corolla campanulate
- Floral Tube/Sepal Ratio- 1.6-2.6
- Nectary Chamber- Slightly broader than the floral tube
- Fruits- At maturity, the pericarp often appears green, occasionally turning yellow; arils scarce and grey to orange in color,
Pollination[edit]
This species of Passiflora is pollinated by the Sword-billed hummingbird (Ensifera ensifera), which is the only living species in the genus Ensifera. This bird is found throughout the northern Andes and is identified by its extremely large beak that is longer than the size of its entire body. They are pollinators of the passionflower, which contains nectar at the bottom of the long corolla tube that belongs to the P. mixta. [4]
Distribution[edit]
- Ranges from Venezuela to Bolivia
- Naturalized in Africa and New Zealand
- Restricted to the highland between 1,700 and 3,700 m (5,600 and 12,100 ft) asl.
- Can withstand disturbances and is more prominent in dryer environment and lower altitudes compared to other species of subgenus Tacsonia
- Grows along the edges of forests and along the margins
References[edit]
- ^ d'Eeckenbrugge, Geo Coppens. "Fruits from America". Project for Neotropical Fruits. CIRAD-FLHOR/IPGRI.
- ^ LINDBERG, ANNIKA BUÈCHERT; JENS MOGENS OLESEN (2001). "The fragility of extreme specialization". Journal of Tropical Ecology. 17: 323–329. doi:10.1017/s0266467401001213.
- ^ d'Eeckenbrugge, Coppens. "Passiflora tarminiana".
- ^ "Why Evolution is True". Retrieved 16 May 2011.
- ^ d'Eeckenbrugge, Geo Coppens. "Fruits from America". CIRAD-FLHOR/IPGRI Project for Neotropical Fruits.
- ^ LINDBERG, ANNIKA BUÈCHERT; JENS MOGENS OLESEN (2001). "The fragility of extreme specialization". Journal of Tropical Ecology. 17: 323–329. doi:10.1017/s0266467401001213.
- ^ "Passiflora mixta". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 21 December 2017.