| Origanum | |
|---|---|
| |
| Origanum vulgare | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Lamiaceae |
| Tribe: | Mentheae |
| Genus: | Origanum L.[1] |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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Origanum (/oʊˈrɪɡənəm/ oh-RIG-ə-nəm[3]) is a genus of herbaceous perennials and subshrubs in the family Lamiaceae, native to Europe, North Africa, and much of temperate Asia, where they are found in open or mountainous habitats. A few species also naturalized in scattered locations in North America and other regions.[2][4][5][6]
The plants have strongly aromatic leaves and abundant tubular flowers with long-lasting coloured bracts. The genus includes the important group of culinary herbs: marjoram (Origanum majorana) and oregano (Origanum vulgare).[7][8]
With their decorative bracts, Origanum species and cultivars are used as ornamental plants in the garden. The cultivars 'Kent Beauty'[9] and 'Rosenkuppel'[10] have received the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
Origanum species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including Coleophora albitarsella.
Species[2]
- Origanum acutidens (Hand.-Mazz.) Ietsw. - Turkey, Iraq
- Origanum × adanense Baser & H.Duman - Turkey (O. bargyli × O. laevigatum)
- Origanum × adonidis Mouterde - Lebanon (O. libanoticum × O. syriacum subsp. bevanii)
- Origanum akhdarense Ietsw. & Boulos - Cyrenaica region of eastern Libya
- Origanum amanum Post - Hatay region of Turkey
- Origanum × barbarae Bornm. - Lebanon (O. ehrenbergii × O. syriacum subsp. bevanii)
- Origanum bargyli Mouterde - Turkey, Syria
- Origanum bilgeri P.H.Davis - Antalya region of Turkey
- Origanum boissieri Ietsw. - Turkey
- Origanum calcaratum Juss. - Greece
- Origanum compactum Benth. - Spain, Morocco
- Origanum cordifolium (Montbret & Aucher ex Benth.) Vogel - Cyprus
- Origanum cyrenaicum Bég. & Vacc. - Cyrenaica region of eastern Libya
- Origanum dayi Post - Israel
- Origanum dictamnus L. – hop marjoram, Cretan dittany, dittany of Crete - endemic to Crete
- Origanum × dolichosiphon P.H.Davis - Seyhan region of Turkey (O. amanum × O. laevigatum)
- Origanum ehrenbergii Boiss. - Lebanon
- Origanum elongatum (Bonnet) Emb. & Maire - Morocco
- Origanum floribundum Munby - Algeria
- Origanum × haradjanii Rech.f - Turkey (O. laevigatum × O. syriacum subsp. bevanii)
- Origanum haussknechtii Boiss. - Turkey
- Origanum husnucan-baseri H.Duman, Aytac & A.Duran - Turkey
- Origanum hypericifolium O.Schwarz & P.H.Davis - Turkey
- Origanum × intercedens Rech.f. - Greece, Turkey (O. onites × O. vulgare subsp. hirtum)
- Origanum × intermedium P.H.Davis - Denizli region of Turkey (O. onites × O. sipyleum)
- Origanum isthmicum Danin - Sinai
- Origanum jordanicum Danin & Kunne - Jordan
- Origanum laevigatum Boiss. - Turkey, Syria, Cyprus
- Origanum leptocladum Boiss. - Turkey
- Origanum libanoticum Boiss. - Lebanon
- Origanum majorana L. – (sweet) marjoram - Turkey, Cyprus; naturalized in scattered locations in Europe, North Africa, North + South America
- Origanum × lirium Heldr. ex Halácsy - Greece (O. scabrum × O. vulgare subsp. hirtum)
- Origanum × majoricum Cambess. – hardy sweet marjoram - Spain including Balearic Islands (O. majorana × O. vulgare subsp. virens)
- Origanum microphyllum (Benth.) Vogel - Crete
- Origanum × minoanum P.H.Davis - Crete (O. microphyllum × O. vulgare subsp. hirtum)
- Origanum minutiflorum O.Schwarz & P.H.Davis - Turkey
- Origanum munzurense Kit Tan & Sorger - Turkey
- Origanum × nebrodense Tineo ex Lojac - Sicily (O. majorana × O. vulgare subsp. viridulum)
- Origanum onites L. - Greece, Turkey, Sicily
- Origanum × pabotii Mouterde - Syria (O. bargyli × O. syriacum subsp. bevanii)
- Origanum pampaninii (Brullo & Furnari) Ietsw - Cyrenaica region of eastern Libya
- Origanum petraeum Danin - Jordan
- Origanum punonense Danin - Jordan
- Origanum ramonense Danin - Levant
- Origanum rotundifolium Boiss. - Turkey, Caucasus
- Origanum saccatum P.H.Davis - Turkey
- Origanum scabrum Boiss. & Heldr. in P.E.Boissier - Greece
- Origanum sipyleum L. -Turkey, Greek Islands
- Origanum solymicum P.H.Davis - Antalya region of Turkey
- Origanum symes Carlström - Islands of the Aegean Sea
- Origanum syriacum L. - Turkey, Cyprus, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Palestine, Israel, Sinai, Saudi Arabia
- Origanum vetteri Briq. & Barbey - Crete
- Origanum vogelii Greuter & Burdet - Turkey
- Origanum vulgare L. - oregano - Europe, North Africa, temperate Asia (Iran, Siberia, Central Asia, China, etc.); naturalized in parts of North America, New Zealand, Venezuela
Formerly placed here[edit]
- Pogostemon benghalensis (Burm.f.) Kuntze (as O. benghalense Burm.f.)
References[edit]
- ^ "Genus: Origanum L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2004-09-10. Archived from the original on 2012-03-08. Retrieved 2012-01-05.
- ^ a b c "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew". wcsp.science.kew.org.
- ^ Oxford English Dictionary, first edition, entry "origanum"
- ^ Altervista Flora Italiana, genere Origanum includes photos plus distribution maps for Europe + North America
- ^ "Origanum vulgare in Flora of China @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org.
- ^ "2013 BONAP North American Plant Atlas. TaxonMaps". bonap.net.
- ^ RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 978-1405332965.
- ^ Bouchra, Chebli; Achouri, Mohamed; Idrissi Hassani, L.M; Hmamouchi, Mohamed; et al. (2003). "Chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oils of seven Moroccan Labiatae against Botrytis cinerea Pers: Fr". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 89 (1): 165–169. doi:10.1016/S0378-8741(03)00275-7. PMID 14522450.
- ^ "Origanum 'Kent Beauty'". RHS. Retrieved 18 January 2021.
- ^ "Origanum 'Rosenkuppel'". RHS. Retrieved 18 January 2021.
External links[edit]
- Herb Society of America Fact Sheet: Oregano and Marjoram (pdf)
- Origanum dictamnus Archived 2011-04-21 at the Wayback Machine
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