| Karata | |
|---|---|
| кӏкӏирлӏи | |
| Native to | North Caucasus |
| Region | Southern Dagestan |
| Ethnicity | Karata |
Native speakers | 260 (2010 census)[1] |
Northeast Caucasian
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | kpt |
| Glottolog | kara1474 |
| ELP | Karata |
Karata (кӏкӏирлӏи) is an Andic language of the Northeast Caucasian language family spoken in southern Dagestan, Russia by 260 Karata in 2010. There are ten towns in which the language is traditionally spoken: Karata, Anchix, Tukita, Rachabalda, Lower Inxelo, Mashtada, Archo, Chabakovo, Racitl, and formerly Siux.[2] Speakers use Avar as their literary language.[1]
Dialects[edit]
The language has two dialects, Karatin and Tokitin, which slightly differ in phonetics and morphology but are mutually intelligible.[3] There are also four subdialects; Anchikh, Archi, Ratsitl and Rachabalda.[3]
Phonology[edit]
Consonants[edit]
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyn- geal |
Glottal | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| central | lateral | ||||||||||||||
| lenis | fortis | lenis | fortis | lenis | fortis | lenis | fortis | lenis | fortis | ||||||
| Nasal | m | n | |||||||||||||
| Plosive | voiced | b | d | ɡ | |||||||||||
| voiceless | p | t | k | ʔ | |||||||||||
| ejective | (pʼ) | tʼ | kʼ | ||||||||||||
| Affricate | voiced | (d͡ʒ) | |||||||||||||
| voiceless | t͡s | t͡sː | t͡ʃ | t͡ʃː | t͡ɬː | k͡xː | q͡χː | ||||||||
| ejective | t͡sʼ | t͡sːʼ | t͡ʃʼ | t͡ʃːʼ | t͡ɬʼ | t͡ɬːʼ | k͡xːʼ | q͡χːʼ | |||||||
| Fricative | voiceless | s | sː | ʃ | ʃː | ɬ | ɬː | ç | x | xː | ʜ | h | |||
| voiced | v | z | ʒ | ɣ | ʢ | ||||||||||
| Trill | r | ||||||||||||||
| Approximant | l | j | |||||||||||||
- The glottal stop transcribed here is named rather ambiguously a "glottalic laryngeal" by the source.
Vowels[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ a b Karata at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ Nichols, Johanna (2006). "Review: Karatinsko-russkij slovar' [Karata-Russian Dictionary]". Anthropological Linguistics. 48 (1): 95–98. ISSN 0003-5483.
- ^ a b "The Karatas". www.eki.ee. The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire. Retrieved 2021-06-07.
- ^ Consonant Systems of the North-East Caucasian Languages on TITUS DIDACTICA
