| Black-lyre leafroller moth | |
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| Adult in Papanui, New Zealand | |
| Scientific classification | |
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| Genus: | "Cnephasia" (see text)
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| Species: | "C." jactatana
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| Binomial name | |
| "Cnephasia" jactatana Walker, 1863
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| Synonyms | |
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See text | |
The black-lyre leafroller moth ("Cnephasia" jactatana) is a tortrix moth species of the family Tortricidae.
Distribution[edit]
The black-lyre leafroller moth is endemic to New Zealand and is common throughout the country.[1]
Taxonomy[edit]
It belongs to the subfamily Tortricinae and therein to tribe Cnephasiini. But among these, it is in fact not close enough to the type species of Cnephasia – Cnephasia pasiuana of Europe – to properly belong in that genus. Alternatively, it has variously been referred to Batodes (= Ditula) or Paedisca (= Epinotia); if anything it might belong to the latter, presently circumscribed as a large and wide-ranging group of uncertain monophyly. But its actual genus has yet to be determined with certainty.[2]
Synonyms[edit]
Junior synonyms of this species are:[2]
- Batodes jactatana Walker, 1863
- Sciaphila flexivittana Walker, 1863
- Paedisca privatana Walker, 1863
- Paedisca voluta Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875
Life cycle and behaviour[edit]
The eggs are laid on the topside of the leaf.[3] The larvae of this species can commonly be found on the hounds tongue fern in a silken tube, feeding on the leaves of that fern.[4] They prefer older leaves.[3]
Interactions with humans[edit]
The species is primarily known as a pest of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa), but the caterpillars feed on various other trees with fleshy fruit, such as Citrus, hawthorns (Crataegus), persimmons and ebonies (Diospyros), gum trees (Eucalyptus), fuchsias (Fuchsia) and grapevines (Vitis). They primarily feed on the leaves, but can also damage the husk and fruit body.[5]
Gallery[edit]
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Female -
Male -
Pupa
Footnotes[edit]
- ^ Hoare, Robert J. B. (2014). A photographic guide to moths & butterflies of New Zealand. Olivier Ball. Auckland. p. 46. ISBN 978-1-86966-399-5. OCLC 891672034.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b Baixeras et al. (2009)
- ^ a b Jiménez-Pérez & Wang (2003)
- ^ Andrew Crowe (2004). Life-Size Guide to New Zealand Native Ferns: Featuring the unique caterpillars which feed on them. p. 6. ISBN 0-14-301924-4. Wikidata Q115211440.
- ^ Jiménez-Pérez et al. (2002)
References[edit]
- Baixeras, J.; Brown, J.W. & Gilligan, T.M. (2009): Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae – "Cnephasia" jactatana. Version 1.3.1. Retrieved 2009-JAN-20.
- Jiménez-Pérez, A. & Wang, Q. (2003): Oviposition behaviour of "Cnephasia" jactatana Walker (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on kiwifruit. New Zealand Entomologist 26(1): 109-111. PDF fulltext
- Jiménez-Pérez, A.; Wang, Q. & Markwick, N.P. (2002): Adult Activity Patterns of Cnephasia jactatana Walker (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). New Zealand Plant Protection 55: 374-379. PDF fulltext