Documented Nahuatl words in the Spanish language (mostly as spoken in Mexico and Mesoamerica), also called Nahuatlismos include an extensive list of words that represent (i) animals, (ii) plants, fruit and vegetables, (iii) foods and beverages, and (iv) domestic appliances.
Many of these words end with the absolutive suffix "-tl" in Nahuatl. This word ending—thought to be difficult for Spanish speakers to pronounce at the time—evolved in Spanish into a "-te" ending (e.g. axolotl = ajolote). As a rule of thumb, a Spanish word for an animal, plant, food or home appliance widely used in Mexico and ending in "-te" is highly likely to have a Nahuatl origin.
Animals[edit]
- Acocil (crayfish)
- Ajolote (axolotl)
- Cacomixtle
- Chapulín (grasshopper)
- Cenzontle (mockingbird)
- Coyote
- Escamoles (ant eggs)
- Guachinango (red snapper)
- Guajolote (turkey)
- Ocelote (ocelot)
- Mapache (raccoon)
- Mayate (beetle)
- Moyote (mosquito)
- Pinacate
- Pizote (Coati)
- Quetzal
- Tecolote (owl)
- Tepezcuintle
- Techalote (squirrel)
- Tlacuache (opossum)
- Xoloitzcuintli (Mexican Hairless Dog)
- Zanate (Grackle)
- Zopilote (vulture)
Plants, fruits and vegetables[edit]
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Foods and drinks[edit]
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Names of places[edit]
Countries
- Cuauhtemallan (Guatemala)
- Mehxico (México
- Nicanahuac (Nicaragua)
- Cozcatlan (El Salvador)
States/Provinces/Departments
- Zacatecas, possibly
- Tlaxcala (Mex)
- Tabasco (Mex)
- Jalisco (Mex)
- México (Mex)
- Oaxaca (Mex)
- Chimaltenango (Guatemala)
- Escuintla (Guatemala)
- Huehuetenango (Guatemala)
- Quetzaltenango (Guatemala)
- Sacatepéquez (Guatemala)
- Cuscatlán Department (El Salvador)
- Chinandega Department (Nicaragua)
- Jinotega Department (Nicaragua)
Cities
- Nezahualcoyotl
- Texcoco
- Xochimilco
- Iztacalco
- Iztapalapa
- Tacuba
- Chapultepec
- Tepeyac
- Oaxtepec
- Culiacán
- Mazatlán
- Mexico-Tenochtitlán (former center of the Aztec Empire, now Mexico City)
- Xalapa
- Countless other cities throughout Mexico and northern Central America
Geographical elements
- Iztaccíhuatl (a volcano)
- Popocatépetl (a volcano)
- Citlaltépetl (a volcano)
- Xinantecatl (a volcano)
- Momotombo (a volcano)
- Sahuayo
Other terms, includes home appliances[edit]
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See also[edit]
- Nahuatl–Spanish contact
- List of English words of Spanish origin
- List of English words of Nahuatl origin
- Influences on the Spanish language
- Indigenous languages of the Americas
References[edit]
- ^ "Taxodium mucronatum". The Gymnosperm Database. Archived from the original on 2010-01-09. Retrieved 2009-10-12.
- ^ a b "Ehretia anacua (Teran & Berl.) I.M. Johnston". Native Plant Information Network. Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. Retrieved 2009-10-12.
- ^ Tallichet, H. (1890). "Part IV". Dialect Notes. American Dialect Society. p. 244.
- ^ "cacahuate". Diccionario de la lengua española, edición del tricentenario. Real Academia Española. Retrieved 2018-01-22.
- ^ Rémi Siméon (1977). Diccionario de la lengua náhuatl o mexicana.. Siglo XXI Editores, S.A. de C.V., 2004. pp. 246 and 258 . Macho: distinguished, ilustrious, etc. as a passive voice of Mati: uel macho ó nouian macho, evident, well known, notorious, qualli ipam macho, he is good, well behaved, etc. ISBN 968-23-0573-X.